During the winter months, several illnesses and conditions are commonly exacerbated due to colder temperatures, increased viral activity, and changes in indoor environments.
Below is a list of the most common winter illnesses and exacerbations:
Respiratory Conditions:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Increased risk of flare-ups due to cold air and respiratory infections like the flu.
Symptoms: Worsening breathlessness, cough, increased sputum production.
Asthma
Triggered by cold, dry air, and viral infections.
Symptoms: Increased wheezing, breathlessness, and coughing.
Bronchitis
Often caused by viral infections in winter, leading to inflammation of the airways.
Symptoms: Persistent cough, chest discomfort, and fatigue.
Viral Infections:
Influenza (Flu)
Highly contagious respiratory illness that surges in winter.
Symptoms: Fever, muscle aches, cough, fatigue, and sore throat.
Common Cold
Caused by rhinoviruses and more prevalent in colder months.
Symptoms: Runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and mild cough.
COVID-19
Continues to circulate, with cases often rising in winter.
Symptoms: Fever, persistent cough, fatigue, and loss of taste/smell.
Infectious Diseases
Pneumonia
Often a complication of untreated flu or bacterial infections.
Symptoms: Fever, productive cough, difficulty breathing, and chest pain.
Norovirus
A winter vomiting bug causing gastrointestinal issues.
Symptoms: Vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal cramps.
Cardiovascular Conditions
Hypertension and Heart Disease
Cold temperatures can constrict blood vessels, raising blood pressure and the risk of heart attacks or strokes.
Symptoms: Chest pain, shortness of breath, or dizziness.
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Arthritis
Colder weather can worsen joint pain and stiffness.
Mental Health Exacerbations
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
A form of depression linked to shorter daylight hours.
Symptoms: Fatigue, low mood, and lack of motivation.